Date: Wednesday, 20 October 2021 

Time: 13:00 - 14:30 UTC (for the time in various time zones click here


How can I participate in this meeting?   

English Conference ID = 1638

Spanish Conference ID = 1738

French Conference ID = 1838

Zoom Room: https://icann.zoom.us/j/765717566?pwd=UTJCdWRSZVdJNEhOYW02OVBqQVQ1Zz09

Passcode: #CPWG2345*

RTT Link: https://www.streamtext.net/player?event=ICANN


Action Items: EN      

Recording: EN, ES, FR

Zoom Recording: EN

Zoom Chat: EN

Transcript: EN, ES, FR


Participants:

EN: Bill Jouris, Eduardo Diaz, Jonathan Zuck, Justine Chew, Alan Greenberg, Alberto Soto, Alfredo Calderon, Avri Doria, Glenn McKnight, Gopal Tadepalli, Gordon Chillcott, Greg Shatan, Hadia Elminiawi, John Mccormac, Laura Margolis, Lianna Galstyan, Lutz Donnerhacke, Marita Moll, Michael Palage, Raymond Mamattah, Sarah Kiden, Satish Babu, Steinar Grøtterød, Sébastien Bachollet, Christopher Wilkinson, Vernatius Ezeama, Yrjö Lansipuro, Olivier Crépin-Leblond, Priyatosh Jana, Judith Hellerstein, Aida, Dave Kissoondoyal, Betty Fausta

ES: none

FR: none

Apologies: Cheryl Langdon-Orr, Daniel Nanghaka,

Observer: Herb Waye

Staff:  Heidi Ullrich, Devan Reed, Evin Erdoğdu, Berry Cobb

Interpreters:

ES: Claudia & Lilian

FR: Camila & Jacques

Call Management: Devan Reed



AGENDA

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    English (EN)

    1. Welcome and intro - staff (2 minutes)

    2. Adoption of agenda, review of Action Items from 13 OctoberOlivier Crépin-Leblond (3 minutes)

    3. Points of consensus for ALAC statement on  Proposal for Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules - Bill Jouris and Jonathan Zuck (20 minutes)

    • Potential RALO Statements on Proposal for Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules - Eduardo Diaz, NARALO Chair

    4. ICANN72 ALAC/At-Large Talking Points and meeting with ICANN Board on ALAC Advice - Jonathan Zuck (15 minutes)

    5. Workgroup updates

    At-Large Workspace: Transfer Policy Review Policy Development Process (PDP) &  GNSO Workspace: Transfer Policy Review Policy Development Process (PDP) (10 minutes)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Steinar Grøtterød and Daniel Nanghaka (apology)

    ALAC Alternates: Raymond Mamattah and Lutz Donnerhacke

    ALAC Observers: Chokri Ben Romdhane, Hans Bathija, K Mohan Raidu, Sivasubramanian Muthusamy

    See: Losing FOA Working Document

    See: Auth-Info Codes Working Document 

    See: Additional Security Measures

    At-Large Workspace: EPDP Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs (ex Work Track) & GNSO Workspace: EPDP Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs (ex Work Track) (10 minutes) 

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Yrjö Lansipuro and Carlos Raul Gutierrez

    ALAC Alternates: Justine Chew and Vanda Scartezini

    ALAC Observers: N/A

    At-Large Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data GNSO Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data (N/A)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Hadia Elminiawi and Alan Greenberg

    ALAC Alternate: Holly Raiche

    ALAC Observers: Bastiaan Goslings, Kris Seeburn, Isaac Maposa, Eduardo Diaz, Gladys Maldonado, Yrjö Lansipuro, Olivier Crépin-Leblond, Sivasubramanian Muthusamy, Matthias Hudobnik, Alfredo Calderon, Abdeldjalil Bachar Bong, Antonio Medina Gómez, Ryan Finnesey, Jahangir Hossain, Oluwaseun Ajani

    At-Large Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) &  GNSO Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) (5 minutes)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Satish Babu, Lianna Galstyan and Abdulkarim Oloyede

    ALAC Participants: Justine Chew and Hadia Elminiawi

    6. Policy comment updates - Jonathan Zuck, Evin Erdoğdu, drafting team member(s) and all (15 minutes) 

    Recently Ratified by the ALAC

    • None

    Upcoming Public Comment Proceedings

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0 CPWG

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0 is seeking public comments.

    Proposal for Myanmar Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules (LGR) CPWG

    The Myanmar script community has formed the Myanmar script Generation Panel (GP), which in turn has developed the Proposal for the Myanmar Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules. As per the LGR Procedure, this proposal is being posted for public comments to allow those who have not participated in the Myanmar script GP to make their views known to the GP. Based on the feedback, the Myanmar script GP will finalize the proposal for submission for integration into the Label Generation Rules for the Root Zone.

    ICANN Draft FY23-27 Operating and Financial Plan and Draft FY23 Operating Plan and Budget OFB-WG

    The purpose of this Public Comment is to seek community input on ICANN's Draft FY23-27 Operating and Financial Plan and Draft FY23 Operating Plan and Budget.

    Public Comment for Decision 

    None

    Current Statements (ALAC Advice, Comment or Correspondence)

    Statement Name

    Deadline

    Status

    Assigned Working Group

    Penholder(s)

    Proposal for Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules

    Candidate for both ALAC statement in response to ICANN Public Comment proceeding, and ALAC advice to the ICANN Board

     

    DRAFTING

    CPWG

    Drafting team member(s):

    Bill Jouris

    Jonathan Zuck

    Initial Report from the EPDP on Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs

    See Google Doc (comment-only)

     

    To go to ALAC vote

    COMMENT

    CPWG

    Drafting team member(s):

    Yrjo Lansipuro

    Justine Chew

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0

    TBD

    Public Comment to open in October 2021

    DRAFTING

    CPWG

    Drafting team member(s):

    Justine Chew

    7. Any other business (AOB) - Olivier Crépin-Leblond and all (3 minutes)

    8. Next Meeting - Olivier Crépin-Leblond and staff (2 minutes)

    • CPWG meetings are held weekly on Wednesdays, at rotating times of 13 & 19 UTC (TBC re: ICANN72).

    CPWG Resources


    Español (ES)

    1. Bienvenida y asistencia - staff (2 minutos)

    2. Adopcion de la Agenda, revision de los Acciones a partir del 13 de octubre Olivier Crépin-Leblond (3 minutos)

    3. Puntos de consenso para la declaración del ALAC sobre la propuesta de reglas de generación de etiquetas de la zona raíz del script latino - Bill Jouris y Jonathan Zuck (20 minutos)

    • Posibles declaraciones de la RALO sobre la propuesta de reglas de generación de etiquetas de la zona raíz del script latino - Eduardo Díaz, Presidente de NARALO

    4. ICANN72 ALAC / At-Large Puntos de conversación y reunión con la Junta Directiva de ICANN sobre el asesoramiento del ALAC - Jonathan Zuck (15 minutos)

    5. Actualizaciones del grupo de trabajo:

    At-Large Workspace: Transfer Policy Review Policy Development Process (PDP) &  GNSO Workspace: Transfer Policy Review Policy Development Process (PDP) (10 minutos)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Steinar Grøtterød and Daniel Nanghaka (apology)

    ALAC Alternates: Raymond Mamattah and Lutz Donnerhacke

    ALAC Observers: Chokri Ben Romdhane, Hans Bathija, K Mohan Raidu, Sivasubramanian Muthusamy

    Ver: Documento de trabajo de códigos de información de autenticación 

    At-Large Workspace: EPDP Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs (ex Work Track) & GNSO Workspace: EPDP Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs (ex Work Track) (10 minutos) 

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Yrjö Lansipuro and Carlos Raul Gutierrez

    ALAC Alternates: Justine Chew and Vanda Scartezini

    ALAC Observers: N/A

    At-Large Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data GNSO Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data (N/A)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Hadia Elminiawi and Alan Greenberg

    ALAC Alternate: Holly Raiche

    ALAC Observers: Bastiaan Goslings, Kris Seeburn, Isaac Maposa, Eduardo Diaz, Gladys Maldonado, Yrjö Lansipuro, Olivier Crépin-Leblond, Sivasubramanian Muthusamy, Matthias Hudobnik, Alfredo Calderon, Abdeldjalil Bachar Bong, Antonio Medina Gómez, Ryan Finnesey, Jahangir Hossain, Oluwaseun Ajani

    At-Large Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) &  GNSO Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) (5 minutos)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Satish Babu, Lianna Galstyan and Abdulkarim Oloyede

    ALAC Participants: Justine Chew, Hadia Elminiawi, Gopal Tadepalli

    6. Actualizaciones de comentarios sobre políticas - Jonathan Zuck, Evin Erdoğdu, miembro (s) del equipo de redacción y todos (20 minutos)

    Recientemente Ratificados por el ALAC 

    • Ninguno

    Próximos Procedimientos de Comentarios Públicos 

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0 CPWG

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0 is seeking public comments.

    Proposal for Myanmar Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules (LGR) CPWG

    The Myanmar script community has formed the Myanmar script Generation Panel (GP), which in turn has developed the Proposal for the Myanmar Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules. As per the LGR Procedure, this proposal is being posted for public comments to allow those who have not participated in the Myanmar script GP to make their views known to the GP. Based on the feedback, the Myanmar script GP will finalize the proposal for submission for integration into the Label Generation Rules for the Root Zone.

    ICANN Draft FY23-27 Operating and Financial Plan and Draft FY23 Operating Plan and Budget OFB-WG

    The purpose of this Public Comment is to seek community input on ICANN's Draft FY23-27 Operating and Financial Plan and Draft FY23 Operating Plan and Budget.

    Comentarios Publicos para decision

    Ninguno

    Declaracion actual (Consejo del ALAC, Comentario o Correspondencia)

    Nombre del Comentario Público

    Comentarios del Público Cerrar

    Estado

    Grupo de Trabajo Asignado

    Autor(es)

    Proposal for Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules

    Candidate for both ALAC statement in response to ICANN Public Comment proceeding, and ALAC advice to the ICANN Board

     

    DRAFTING

    CPWG

    Equipo de redacción voluntario(s):

    Bill Jouris

    Jonathan Zuck

    Initial Report from the EPDP on Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs

    See Google Doc (comment-only)

     

    To go to ALAC vote

    COMMENT

    CPWG

    Equipo de redacción voluntario(s):

    Yrjo Lansipuro

    Justine Chew

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0

    TBD

    Public Comment to open in October 2021

    REDACCIÓN

    CPWG

    Equipo de redacción voluntario(s):

    Justine Chew

    7. Otros temas (AOB) - Olivier Crépin-Leblond y todos (3 minutos)

    8. Próxima reunion - Olivier Crépin-Leblond y staff (2 minutos) 

    • Las reuniones del CPWG se llevan a cabo semanalmente los miércoles, en horarios rotativos de 13 y 19 UTC.

    CPWG Resources

    Français (FR) 

    1. Accueil et appel nominal - personnel (2 minutes)

    2. Adoption de l'ordre du jour, examen des points d'action à partir du 13 octobreOlivier Crépin-Leblond (3 minutes)

    3. Points de consensus pour la déclaration de l'ALAC sur la proposition de règles de génération d'étiquettes pour la zone racine en script latin - Bill Jouris et Jonathan Zuck (20 minutes)

    • Déclarations potentielles de RALO sur la proposition de règles de génération d'étiquettes de zone racine en écriture latine - Eduardo Diaz, président de NARALO

    4. Points de discussion ICANN72 ALAC/At-Large et réunion avec le Conseil d'administration de l'ICANN sur les conseils de l'ALAC - Jonathan Zuck (15 minutes)

    5. Mises à jour du groupe de travail:

    At-Large Workspace: Transfer Policy Review Policy Development Process (PDP) &  GNSO Workspace: Transfer Policy Review Policy Development Process (PDP) (10 minutes)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Steinar Grøtterød and Daniel Nanghaka (apology)

    ALAC Alternates: Raymond Mamattah and Lutz Donnerhacke

    ALAC Observers: Chokri Ben Romdhane, Hans Bathija, K Mohan Raidu, Sivasubramanian Muthusamy

    Voir: Document de travail sur les codes d'authentification 

    At-Large Workspace: EPDP Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs (ex Work Track) & GNSO Workspace: EPDP Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs (ex Work Track) (10 minutes) 

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Yrjö Lansipuro and Carlos Raul Gutierrez

    ALAC Alternates: Justine Chew and Vanda Scartezini

    ALAC Observers: N/A

    At-Large Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data GNSO Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data (N/A)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Hadia Elminiawi and Alan Greenberg

    ALAC Alternate: Holly Raiche

    ALAC Observers: Bastiaan Goslings, Kris Seeburn, Isaac Maposa, Eduardo Diaz, Gladys Maldonado, Yrjö Lansipuro, Olivier Crépin-Leblond, Sivasubramanian Muthusamy, Matthias Hudobnik, Alfredo Calderon, Abdeldjalil Bachar Bong, Antonio Medina Gómez, Ryan Finnesey, Jahangir Hossain, Oluwaseun Ajani

    At-Large Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) &  GNSO Workspace: Expedited Policy Development Process (EPDP) on the Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) (5 minutes)

    At-Large Representatives

    ALAC Members: Satish Babu, Lianna Galstyan and Abdulkarim Oloyede

    ALAC Participants: Justine Chew, Hadia Elminiawi, Gopal Tadepalli

    6. Mises à jour des commentaires sur la politique - Jonathan Zuck, Evin Erdoğdu, membre (s) de l'équipe de rédaction et tous (15 minutes)

    Récemment ratifié par l'ALAC

    • Non

    Prochaines Procédures de Commentaires Publics 

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0 CPWG

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0 is seeking public comments.

    Proposal for Myanmar Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules (LGR) CPWG

    The Myanmar script community has formed the Myanmar script Generation Panel (GP), which in turn has developed the Proposal for the Myanmar Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules. As per the LGR Procedure, this proposal is being posted for public comments to allow those who have not participated in the Myanmar script GP to make their views known to the GP. Based on the feedback, the Myanmar script GP will finalize the proposal for submission for integration into the Label Generation Rules for the Root Zone.

    ICANN Draft FY23-27 Operating and Financial Plan and Draft FY23 Operating Plan and Budget OFB-WG

    The purpose of this Public Comment is to seek community input on ICANN's Draft FY23-27 Operating and Financial Plan and Draft FY23 Operating Plan and Budget.

    Commentaire public pour décision

    Non

    Déclarations actuelles (avis, commentaires ou correspondance de l'ALAC)

    Nom du commentaire public

    Commentaire public Fermer

    Statut

    Groupe de travail assigné

    Auteur(s)

    Proposal for Latin Script Root Zone Label Generation Rules

    Candidate for both ALAC statement in response to ICANN Public Comment proceeding, and ALAC advice to the ICANN Board

     

    DRAFTING

    CPWG

    Membre(s) de l'équipe de rédaction:

    Bill Jouris

    Jonathan Zuck

    Initial Report from the EPDP on Specific Curative Rights Protections for IGOs

    See Google Doc (comment-only)

     

    To go to ALAC vote

    COMMENT

    CPWG

    Membre(s) de l'équipe de rédaction:

    Yrjo Lansipuro

    Justine Chew

    Domain Abuse Activity Reporting (DAAR) 2.0

    TBD

    Public Comment to open in October 2021

    RÉDACTION

    CPWG

    Membre(s) de l'équipe de rédaction:

    Justine Chew

    7. Toute autre affaire (AOB) - Olivier Crépin-Leblond et tous (3 minutes)

    8. Prochaine réunion - Olivier Crépin-Leblond et le personnel (2 minutes)

    • Les réunions du CPWG ont lieu chaque semaine le mercredi, à des heures de rotation de 13 et 19 UTC.

    CPWG Ressources



    • No labels

    5 Comments

    1. If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it. – Peter Drucker

      The efforts of ICANN to constantly work towards appropriate measures from within its space is much appreciated.

      “In God we trust, all others must bring data.” -   W. Edwards Deming, American Statistician

      "All data that can be published should be published" says ICANN in articulating the goal for Open Data Initiative (ODI). This is yet another significant initiative of ICANN in the recent past.

      DAAR system uses data from public, open, and commercial sources
      I. DNS zone data
      II. Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP). This was WHOIS data in the beginning.
      III. Open source or commercial abuse threat (RBL) data. Some of these data feeds require a license or subscription.

      DAAR collects the same abuse data that is reported to industry and Internet users and is used by
      I. Commercial Security Systems
      II. Academia and Industry

      However, DAAR lists domain names associated with abuse identified by third parties. It does not include several DNS Abuse types. Currently "spam" dominates the outcome of DAAR. 

      Justine Chew The next version of DAAR needs to be vastly improved.

      Dr. T V Gopal

    2. A very useful ICANN glossary of useful IDN terms may please be found at:

      https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/glossary-2014-02-04-en

      The entire process is replete with truly challenging "Engineering" compromises. To avoid trivial adjustments and approximations, ICANN advocates the following goals and principles.

      A very good reference titled "IDN Variant TLD Implementation: Rationale for Root Zone Label Generation Rules" dated 25 July 2018 may please be found at: 

      https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/idn-variant-tld-rationale-lgr-25jul18-en.pdf

      I wish to draw special attention to the illustration with the caption "Variant and Similar Characters" on Pp 16.

      Goals:

      Speed with Safety, Utility, Coverage, Non-Arbitrariness & Absence of Bias

      Principles:

      Longevity Principle, Least Astonishment Principle, Contextual Safety Principle, Inclusion Principle, Simplicity Principle, Predictability Principle, Stability Principle, Letter Principle and Conservatism Principle.

      Hopefully I will be able to locate the pertinent references on the ICANN Wiki soon. The need for going for algorithms is perhaps self-explanatory.

      However, theoretically there will be many cases where the algorithm may be sub-optimal. 

      The process has to ensure operational stability, predictability, reliability, consistency, equivalency, resiliency, security, and global interoperability. 

      The defintion of these terms can be tailored to the context of IDNs.

      The real challenges are ahead.

      By the way, for the present something like a password strength indicator that is well - known may be the way to indicate the outcome of the process outlined above.

      Some Notes to Ponder in the context of IDNs:

      Note #1: 

      The web is prolific.  The "www" prefix in the URL is being dropped.

      The ‘www’ prefix is essential in applications such as email clients and word processors which transform text to links. Not using it makes it quite attractive and one seeks a work around to mange the technicalities that need it.

      Note #2: Name Collision

      Private networks will consistently, stably, and reliably perform name resolution when they use Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDNs) and resolve them from the global DNS. There are methods to migrate to FQDNs.

      Note #3: Clicking on the Label Field in a Markup Language is one and generating labels from a model of click data is another.

      Dr. T V Gopal

      PS: I have working knowledge in Sanskrit, Telugu (My Mother Tongue), Hindi, French, German, Tamizh and English (my official preference).

    3. Punycode is a system for converting words that cannot be written in ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) such as Ancient Greek, Armenian, Cyrillic or Chinese alphabets. Punycode is an encryption method that converts Unicode characters used by IDNs into ASCII characters (A to Z, numbers from 0 to 9 and “- “character).

      It must be noted that some of the letters in the Roman alphabet are the same shape as letters in the Greek, Cyrillic and other alphabets. Examples are: the letters I, E, A, Y, T, O and N.

      The idea was that browsers would first read the Punycode URL and then transform it into displayable Unicode characters inside the browse.

       xn--80ak6aa92e.com  = apple.com

      My humble suggestion: Switching to measurable quality factors for IDNs is an imperative need. 

      For the records: Some useful tools to ecperiment with are given below.

      #1. Homoglyph Attack Generator

      #2. Punycode Converter

      #3. Studying the characteristics of the Transliteration Tools based on UNICODE

      I am sure better tools will come as we progress.

      Dr. T V Gopal

    4. This is with due regards and acknowledgements to Dr. Sarmad Hussain for the status report on IDNs titled "Where Are We Now?" dated 16 June 2021 at:

      https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/idns-where-are-we-now-16jun21-en.pdf

      I am placing on record some earlier experience that may be useful.

      It was during 2010-2012, I was serving as a member in World Wide Web Standards Formulation Committee, Department of Information Technology, Government of India. The work progressed very slowly.

      Defining "Akshara" in itself is an intricate exercise. The grammarians termed it "a letter of the alphabet (Varnamala)". However, it is revered as Imperishable, indestructible, undecaying, epithet of the Supreme as well as the Individual soul. It also refers to a “stroke” in musical notes & “sixteen syllabic sounds” and represents one of the rules for playing the drums. There are several other profound aspects of "Askhara".

      The following notations were arrived at for framing the rules for Akshara. V - Independent Vowel ; m - Vowel Modifier, C - Consonant ; N - Nukta; H - Halant or Virama ; v - dependent Vowel Sign (matra). The valid Akshara is formed as: V ; Vm ; C N/ H C N ; N/ H C N ; C N/ H C N H ; N/ H C N H ; C N/ H C N v ; N/ H C N v ; C N/ H C N m ; N/ H C N m; C N/ H C N vm ; N/ H C N vm; Nothing Else is an Akshara.

      Sanskrit was my choice with Devanagari script.

      Bulleting (Listing) of Tamizh Alphabet and Numerals was also an intircate exercise.

      There was a need for supporting rules for Akshara in Tamizh. For example : V should be given in a separate liine ; v should not be split from the consonant.

      I do appreciate the complexity in making the IDNs happen from this start for "Akshara" simply specified as "a letter of the alphabet (Varnamala)". The effort was to generate what we called "Production Rules" in the specification of a generative grammar.

      This was an intellectually stimulating exercise on technical matters. C-DAC India has done very comprehensive implemnetation for Indic Scripts.

      • Dr. T V Gopal

      PS: From 2012, I got excellent support for my work for the Alan Turing Year with the Turing Centenary Advisory Committee (TCAC) chaired by (Late) Prof. Barry S Cooper and IEEE SSIT Norbert Wiener Series of conferences and India events. I was on and off on Indic languages.

    5. The Universal Grammar (UG) Hypothesis

      "Human languages, as superficially diverse as they are, share some fundamental similarities, and that these are attributable to innate principles unique to language: that deep down, there is only one human language"

      Reference:

      Chomsky N, "New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind", Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.

      In my humble opinion, presently UG hypothesis may border on indulgence.

      For a reasonable formalism to connect the RZ-LGR (lager) and the associated algorithms, please consider reading:

      • A. Freytag, Guidance on Designing Label Generation Rulesets (LGRs) Supporting Variant Labels
        Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF),Request for Comments: 8228


        In my humble opinion, it is reassuring that there is Design and things can be managed systemically.

      Reference: 

      Label Generation Ruleset Process Working Group Meeting (ICANN)

      12-13 October 2012 Face-to-Face meeting

      Participants included Dr. Sarmad Hussein and Mr. Edmon Chung

      “I think the next century will be the century of complexity”. - Stephen Hawking, 2000

      • Dr. T V Gopal